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Software History Bibliography

This is a list of materials which we believe might be of interest to anyone who wants to read more about the history of the software industry. Consistent with our focus on the history of the software business, the references below primarily address business issues and developments rather than the evolution of software technology. If you are looking for an extensive bibliography which covers many aspects of the history of programming and software technology, we recommend the bibliography maintained by the Charles Babbage Institute Software History Project


ADAPSO. 25 Years. Arlington, Va.: ADAPSO, 1986.

Bauer, Walter F.  "Informatics: An Early Software Company." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Apr-Jun 1996): 70-76.

Bauer, Walter F. "Informatics and (et) Informatique."   Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Bauer1, 1996.

Bauer, Walter F., interview by Robina Mapstone. May 14, 1973. Oral History 55. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.

Bauer, Walter F., interview by Arthur Norberg.  May 16, 1983, Woodland Hills, CA. Oral History 61. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.

Baum, Claude.  The System Builders: The Story of SDC. Santa Monica, CA: System Development Corporation, 1981.

Brown, Walter. "Founding Atlantic Software." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 80-82.

Campbell-Kelly, Martin.  "The Development and Structure of the International Software Industry, 1950-1990." Business and Economic History, Vol. 24, No. 2 (Winter 1995): 73-110.

Campbell-Kelly, Martin.  From Airline Reservations to Sonic the Hedgehog: A History of the Software Industry.  Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2003.

Campbell-Kelly, Martin and William Aspray.  Computer: A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books, 1996.

Cortada, James W. "Researching the History of Software from the 1960s." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 72-79.

Crandall, Richard L. "Recollections of the beginning of the time-sharing industry." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2002): 40-42.

Fisher, Franklin, M., James W. McKie, and Richard B. Mancke.  IBM and the U. S. Data Processing Industry: An Economic History. New York: Praeger, 1983.

Fishman, Katharine Davis. The Computer Establishment. New York: Harper & Row, 1981.

Forman, Richard L. Fulfilling the Computer’s Promise: The History of Informatics, 1962-1968. Woodland Hills, California: Informatics, 1985.

Gibson, Stanley.  "Software Industry Born with IBM’s Unbundling." Computerworld (June 19, 1989): 6.

Goetz, Martin A. "How ADR Got Into the Software Products Business and Found Itself Competing Against IBM."  Software History Center. Anecdotes/Goetz1, 1998.

Goetz, Martin. "Memoirs of a Software Pioneer: Part 1." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 43-56.

Goetz, Martin. "Memoirs of a Software Pioneer: Part 2." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2002): 14-31.

Grad, Burton. "The First Commercial Univac I Installation."  Software History Center. Anecdotes/Grad1, 1997.

Grad, Burton. "A Personal Recollection: IBM's Unbundling of Software and Services." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 64-71.

Haigh, Thomas. "Software in the 1960s as Concept, Service and Product." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 5-13.

Head, Robert V. "Univac: A Philadelphia Story." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jul-Sep 2001): 60-63.

Head, Robert V. "ERMA's Lost Battalion." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jul-Sep 2001): 64-72.

Head, Robert V. "The travails of Software Resources." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 82-85.

Head, Robert V. "Getting Sabre off the Ground." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2002): 32-39.

Hoch, Detlev J., Cyriac R. Roeding, Gert Purkert, and Sandro K. Lindner.  Secrets of Software Success: Management Insights from 100 Software Firms around the World. Boston, Massachusetts:  Harvard Business School Press.  (See especially Appendix II, Software History: An Overview.), 1999.

Humphrey, Watts S. "Software Unbundling: A Personal Perspective." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 59-63.

Imlay, John P., Jr. with Dennis Hamilton.  Jungle Rules: How to be a Tiger in Business. New York, NY: Dutton, 1994.

Johnson, Luanne (James).  "A View From the 1960s: How the Software Industry Began." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 20, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 1998): 36-42.

Johnson, Luanne.  "Creating the Software Industry: Recollections of Software Company Founders of the 1960s." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 14-42.

Johnson, Luanne. "How ICP Solved My Biggest Marketing Problem."  Software History Center. Anecdotes/Johnson1, 1997.

Johnson, Luanne. "From Not-Invented-Here to Off-The-Shelf." Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Johnson2, 1997.

Keet, Ernest E.  Preventing Piracy: A Business Guide to Software Protection. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1985.

Keet, Ernest E. (Lee). "Getting Hooked on Software." Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Keet1, 1998.

Kestin, Hesh.  21st Century Management: The Revolutionary Strategies that Have Made Computer Associates A Multi-Billion Dollar Software Giant. New York, NY: The Atlantic Monthly Press, 1992.

Kolence, Ken. "How IBM Killed the Market for Boole &   Babbage's CUE Product."  Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Kolence1, 1998.

Kubie, Elmer C.  "Recollections of the First Software Company." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 16, no. 2 (Apr-Jun 1994):   65-71.

Kurtzig, Sandra L. with Tom Parker.  CEO: Building a $400 Million Dollar Company from the Ground Up. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, 1991.

McGee, Robert.  Accounting for Software.   Homewood, IL: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1985.

Mowery, David C., ed. The International Computer Software Industry: A Comparative Study of Industry Evolution and Structure. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

North, Ken. "Tales from the Early Years of CSC."   Software History Center.  Anecdotes/North1, 1999.

OECD.  Software: An Emerging Industry.  Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1985.

Piscopo, Joseph A. "Pansophic: A Typical 1960s Start-up."   Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Piscopo1, 1998.

Postley, John A.  "Mark IV: Evolution of the Software Product, A Memoir." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 20, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 1998): 43-50.

Pugh, Emerson W. "Origins of Software Unbundling." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 57-58.

"A Rush of New Companies to Mass-Produce Software." Business Week (September 1, 1980): 54-56.

Siwek, Stephen E. and Harold W. Furchtgott-Roth.  International Trade in Computer Software.  Westport, CT: Quorum Books, 1993.

"A Software Industry Retrospective 1969-89." Software Magazine, Vol 9., No. 4 (March Extra, 1989): 29-70.

Trimble, George R., Jr. "A Brief History of Computing: Memoirs of Living on the Edge." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jul-Sep 2001): 44-59.

U. S. Department of Commerce.  A Competitive Assessment of the United States Software Industry. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, 1984.

Voth, Ben.  A Piece of the Computer Pie.  Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Company, 1975.  (Autobiography of the first outside investor in University Computing Company.)

Wagner, Francis V. Papers, 1946-1985, CBI 6. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota.

Weissman, Robert. "CCITT meeting recommendations." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 4 (Oct-Dec 2002): 42-43.

Welke, Lawrence. "Founding the ICP Directories." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan-Mar 2002): 85-89.

Welke, Lawrence A. "How the ICP Directory Began."   Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Welke1, 1998.

Welke, Lawrence A. "How the ICP Million Dollar Awards Got Started."  Software History Center.  Anecdotes/Welke2, 1998.


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